Ilaphu le-PTFE, okanye ilaphu le-polytetrafluoroethylene, lilaphu elisebenza kakuhle kakhulu elisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi ngenxa yeempawu zalo ezintle zokungena kwamanzi, ukuphefumla, ukumelana nomoya, kunye nokufudumala.
Isiseko selaphu le-PTFE yifilimu ye-polytetrafluoroethylene microporous, enesakhiwo esikhethekileyo se-microporous esinobukhulu be-pore obuyi-0.1-0.5 microns kuphela, esincinci kakhulu kunobubanzi bemolekyuli yamanzi, kodwa sikhulu ngokuphindwe kangangamawaka kunemolekyuli yomphunga wamanzi. Ke ngoko, ilaphu le-PTFE linokuthintela ngempumelelo ukungena kwamaconsi amanzi ngelixa livumela umphunga wamanzi ukuba udlule ngokukhululekileyo, lifezekisa indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yokungangeni manzi nokuphefumla. Eli laphu likwaneempawu ezilungileyo zokumelana nomoya, kwaye isakhiwo salo se-microporous sinokuthintela ngempumelelo ukuxinana komoya, ngaloo ndlela sigcina ubushushu ngaphakathi kwengubo.
1. Iipropati ezisisiseko ze-PTFE
I-PTFE yaqala ukuphuhliswa yiDuPont ngeminyaka yoo-1940 kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yi "King of Plastics" ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo. Ulwakhiwo lwe-molecular ye-PTFE luzinzile kakhulu, kwaye amandla okubopha phakathi kwee-athomu zekhabhoni kunye nee-athomu ze-fluorine aphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo enika i-PTFE ezi mpawu zilandelayo zimangalisayo:
● Ukungabi namanzi:Amalaphu e-PTFE aneempawu ezintle zokungena kwamanzi, kwaye iimolekyuli zamanzi azikwazi ukungena kumphezulu wawo, ngoko ke asetyenziswa rhoqo ukwenza impahla nezixhobo ezingangeni manzi.
● Ukuphefumla:Nangona zingangeni manzi, amalaphu e-PTFE anesakhiwo esincinci esivumela umphunga wamanzi ukuba udlule, nto leyo egcina intuthuzelo yomntu onxibe impahla. Le propati yenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiimpahla zemidlalo zangaphandle kunye neempahla zokuzikhusela.
● Ukumelana neekhemikhali:I-PTFE ixhathisa kakhulu kwiikhemikhali ezininzi kwaye ayichaphazeleki zizinto ezirhabaxa ezifana nee-asidi, ii-alkalis, kunye nezinyibilikisi.
● Ukumelana nobushushu:Amalaphu e-PTFE anokuhlala ezinzile kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kwaye ubushushu bawo bokusebenza buqala kwi -200°C ukuya kwi +260°C, afanelekile kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu okanye obuphantsi.
● I-coefficient ephantsi yokungqubana:I-PTFE inomphezulu ogudileyo kakhulu kunye ne-coefficient ephantsi kakhulu yokungqubana, ngoko ke isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo zoshishino ezifuna ukunciphisa ukungqubana.
● Ukumelana nokwaluphala:I-PTFE iyakwazi ukumelana kakhulu nemitha ye-ultraviolet kunye nezinye izinto ezisingqongileyo, kwaye ayigugi emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide.
Phakathi kwazo, uphawu oluphawulekayo lwelaphu le-PTFE kukuxhathisa kwayo ukubola ngamakhemikhali. Liyakwazi ukumelana nokubola kwee-asidi ezinamandla, ii-alkali ezinamandla kunye nezinye izinto zeekhemikhali, ngoko ke lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimpahla ezikhethekileyo ezifana nempahla yokukhusela yenyukliya, yebhayoloji neyekhemikhali kunye nempahla yokukhusela ngamakhemikhali. Ukongeza, ilaphu le-PTFE likwanemisebenzi yokulwa neentsholongwane, yokulwa ne-static, yokuthintela iintsholongwane kunye neminye imisebenzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba libaluleke nakwicandelo lokhuseleko lwezonyango.
Kwizicelo zokwenyani, ilaphu le-PTFE lixutywa ne-nylon, i-polyester kunye nezinye ilaphu ngenkqubo ekhethekileyo ye-lamination ukwenza ilaphu elidityanisiweyo eli-two-in-one okanye eli-three-in-one. Eli laphu elidityanisiweyo aligcini nje ngokugcina ukusebenza okuhle kwefilimu ye-PTFE, kodwa likwanokunethezeka nokuqina kwamanye amalaphu.
2. Iindawo zokusetyenziswa kweendwangu zePTFE
Ngenxa yeempawu ezikhethekileyo zamalaphu e-PTFE, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi:
● Impahla yangaphandle:Amalaphu e-PTFE adla ngokusetyenziswa ukwenza iijakethi ezingangeni manzi neziphefumlayo, iibhulukhwe kunye nezihlangu, ezifanelekileyo kwimidlalo yangaphandle efana nokunyuka intaba kunye nokutyibiliza eqhweni.
● Iimpahla zokuzikhusela zemizi-mveliso:Ukumelana kwayo neekhemikhali kunye nokumelana nobushushu kwenza ukuba ibe yinto efanelekileyo kwiimpahla zokuzikhusela kwiikhemikhali, ipetroliyam kunye nezinye izimboni.
● Izinto zonyango:Amalaphu e-PTFE asetyenziselwa ukwenza iilokhwe zotyando, ii-wraps zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izinto zonyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo engcolileyo ayisuleleki.
● Izinto zokucoca:Ulwakhiwo lwe-PTFE olunemibhobho emincinci luyenza ibe yinto yokucoca esebenza kakuhle, esetyenziswa kakhulu ekucoceni umoya, ekucoceni amanzi nakwezinye iindawo.
● Inqwelo-moya:Ukumelana nobushushu be-PTFE kunye nomlinganiselo ophantsi wokungqubana kwenza ukuba isetyenziswe kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya, njengezivali kunye nezinto zokukhusela.
3. Ukukhuselwa kwendalo kwamalaphu e-PTFE
Nangona amalaphu e-PTFE enezibonelelo ezininzi, ukhuseleko lwawo lokusingqongileyo lukwatsale ingqalelo enkulu. I-PTFE yinto ekunzima ukuyitshabalalisa, kwaye iya kuba nefuthe elithile kwindalo emva kokuba ilahliwe. Ke ngoko, indlela yokuphinda uyisebenzise kwaye ulahle amalaphu e-PTFE ibe yingxaki ebalulekileyo. Okwangoku, ezinye iinkampani ziphuhlisa izinto ze-PTFE ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ukunciphisa impembelelo yazo kwindalo.
4. Isishwankathelo
Amalaphu e-PTFE abe zezona zinto zikhethwayo kwiindlela ezininzi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngenxa yokungabi namanzi kakuhle, ukuphefumla kakuhle, ukumelana neekhemikhali, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nezinye iimpawu. Nokuba yimidlalo yangaphandle, ukhuseleko lwemizi-mveliso, okanye amasimi ezonyango kunye neendiza, amalaphu e-PTFE abonakalise iingenelo zawo ezikhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwanda kolwazi lokusingqongileyo, indlela yokujongana ngcono nokulahlwa kwamalaphu e-PTFE iya kuba yinto ephambili kuphando nophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-18-2025