Ilaphu le-PTFE, okanye ilaphu le-polytetrafluoroethylene, liyilaphu elisebenza ngokuphezulu elisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi, ukuphefumla, umoya, kunye neempawu ezifudumeleyo.
Undoqo welaphu le-PTFE yifilimu ye-polytetrafluoroethylene microporous, enesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-microporous kunye nobukhulu be-pore ye-microns eyi-0.1-0.5 kuphela, encinci kakhulu kunobubanzi be-molecule yamanzi, kodwa amawaka amaxesha amakhulu kune-molecule yomphunga wamanzi. Ke ngoko, ilaphu le-PTFE linokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukungena kwamathontsi amanzi ngelixa livumela umphunga wamanzi ukuba udlule ngokukhululekileyo, ukuphumeza indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yokungangeni kwamanzi kunye nokuphefumla. Eli laphu libuye libe neempawu ezintle zomoya, kwaye isakhiwo sayo se-microporous sinokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuhanjiswa komoya, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwe ukufudumala ngaphakathi kwengubo.
1. Iimpawu ezisisiseko ze-PTFE
I-PTFE yaveliswa okokuqala yiDuPont ngeminyaka yoo-1940 kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yi "King of Plastics" ngomsebenzi wayo obalaseleyo. Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli ye-PTFE izinze kakhulu, kwaye amandla ebhondi phakathi kweathom zekhabhoni kunye neeathom zefluorine aphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo enika i-PTFE ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
● Ukungangeni kwamanzi:Amalaphu e-PTFE aneempawu ezigqwesileyo zokungangeni manzi, kwaye iimolekyuli zamanzi azikwazi ukungena kumphezulu wazo, ngoko zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla kunye nezixhobo ezingangeni manzi.
● Ukuphefumla:Nangona kungenamanzi, amalaphu e-PTFE anesakhiwo se-microporous esivumela ukuba umphunga wamanzi udlule, ugcine induduzo yomntu onxibileyo. Le propati yenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha iimpahla zezemidlalo zangaphandle kunye nempahla yokukhusela.
● Ukumelana nemichiza:I-PTFE ixhathisa ngokugqithisileyo kwimichiza emininzi kwaye phantse ayichatshazelwa zizinto ezonakalisayo ezifana neeasidi, iialkali, kunye nezinyibilikisi.
● Ukumelana nobushushu:Amalaphu e-PTFE angakwazi ukuhlala azinzile kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu, kunye nomgangatho wokushisa osebenzayo ukusuka -200 ° C ukuya + 260 ° C, ufanelekile kwiindawo eziphezulu okanye eziphantsi.
● I-coefficient yokukhuhlana okuphantsi:I-PTFE inomgangatho ogudileyo kakhulu kunye ne-coefficient ephantsi kakhulu yokukhuhlana, ngoko ke isoloko isetyenziswa kwiindawo zoshishino ezifuna ukunciphisa ukukhuhlana.
● Ukuxhathisa ukwaluphala:I-PTFE ixhathisa ngokugqithisileyo kwimitha ye-ultraviolet kunye nezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo, kwaye ayifuni ukuguga emva kokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide.
Phakathi kwazo, eyona nto iphawuleka kakhulu yelaphu le-PTFE kukunganyangeki kwayo kwikhemikhali. Iyakwazi ukuxhathisa ukukhukuliseka kwe-acids eqinile, i-alkalis eqinile kunye nezinye izinto zekhemikhali, ngoko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimpahla ezikhethekileyo ezifana neempahla zenyukliya, zebhayoloji kunye neekhemikhali ezikhuselayo kunye nempahla yokukhusela imichiza. Ukongeza, ilaphu le-PTFE linayo ne-antibacterial, antistatic, virus blocking kunye neminye imisebenzi, iyenza ibaluleke nakwinkalo yokhuseleko lwezonyango.
Kwizicelo ezizizo, ilaphu le-PTFE lidityaniswe nenayiloni, ipolyester kunye namanye amalaphu ngenkqubo ekhethekileyo yokwahlula ukwenza ilaphu elidityanisiweyo ezimbini-kwinye okanye ezintathu-kwinye. Eli laphu lidityanisiweyo aligcini nje ngokugcina ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwefilimu ye-PTFE, kodwa likwanentuthuzelo kunye nokuqina kwamanye amalaphu.
2. Iinkalo zokusetyenziswa kwamalaphu e-PTFE
Ngenxa yeepropathi ezizodwa zamalaphu e-PTFE, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi:
● Impahla yangaphandle:Amalaphu e-PTFE ahlala esetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhatyi ezingenamanzi kunye neziphefumlayo, iibhulukhwe kunye nezihlangu, ezifanelekileyo kwimidlalo yangaphandle efana nokunyuka intaba kunye nokutyibilika.
● Impahla ekhuselayo kwimizi-mveliso:Ukuchasana kwayo neekhemikhali kunye nokumelana nokushisa kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokukhusela iimpahla kwiikhemikhali, i-petroleum kunye namanye amashishini.
● Izinto zonyango:Amalaphu e-PTFE asetyenziselwa ukwenza iigawuni zotyando, izisongelo zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izinto zonyango ukuze kuqinisekiswe imeko engqonge intsholongwane.
● Izixhobo zesihluzi:Ulwakhiwo lwe-microporous lwe-PTFE luyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokucoca, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekucoceni umoya, unyango lwamanzi kunye nezinye iindawo.
● Isiphekepheke:Ukumelana nobushushu be-PTFE kunye ne-coefficient ephantsi yokukhuhlana kuyenza isetyenziswe kwindawo ye-aerospace, efana netywina kunye nemathiriyeli yokugquma.
3. Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo lwamalaphu e-PTFE
Nangona amalaphu e-PTFE aneenzuzo ezininzi, ukhuseleko lwawo lokusingqongileyo luye lwatsala umdla omkhulu. I-PTFE yinto enzima-ukuthoba umgangatho, kwaye iya kuba nempembelelo ethile kwindalo emva kokulahlwa. Ke ngoko, indlela yokurisayikilisha kunye nokulahla amalaphu e-PTFE ibe ngumba obalulekileyo. Okwangoku, ezinye iinkampani ziphuhlisa imathiriyeli ye-PTFE enokuphinda isetyenziswe ukunciphisa impembelelo yazo kokusingqongileyo.
4. Isishwankathelo
Amalaphu e-PTFE abe yinto ekhethwayo kwizicelo ezininzi eziphezulu ngenxa yokungangeni kwamanzi okugqwesileyo, ukuphefumla, ukuxhathisa imichiza, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nezinye iimpawu. Nokuba yimidlalo yangaphandle, ukhuseleko lwamashishini, okanye amabala ezonyango kunye ne-aerospace, amalaphu e-PTFE abonise iingenelo zabo ezizodwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngokunyuka kolwazi lokusingqongileyo, indlela yokujongana ngcono nenkunkuma ye-PTFE ilaphu iya kuba yinto ekugxilwe kuyo uphando kunye nophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-18-2025