Ilaphu lesihluzo elilukiweyo kunye nelaphu lesihluzo elingalukiweyo (elikwaziwa ngokuba yilaphu lesihluzo elingalukiweyo) zizinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kwicandelo lokucoca. Umahluko wazo osisiseko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, imo yesakhiwo, kunye neempawu zokusebenza zimisela ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokucoca. Olu thelekiso lulandelayo lugubungela imilinganiselo emithandathu ephambili, encediswa ziimeko ezifanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso zokukhetha, ukukunceda uqonde ngokupheleleyo umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini:
Ⅰ .Umahluko ongundoqo: Uthelekiso kwiimilinganiselo ezi-6 eziphambili
| Umlinganiselo wokuthelekisa | Ilaphu lesihluzi esilukiweyo | Ilaphu lesihluzi elingalukwanga |
| Inkqubo yoMveliso | Ngokusekelwe "kwi-warp kunye ne-weft interweaving," i-warp (longitudinal) kunye ne-weft (horizontal) yards zidityaniswa kusetyenziswa i-loom (efana ne-air-jet loom okanye i-rapier loom) kwipateni ethile (ecacileyo, e-twill, e-satin, njl.njl.). Oku kuthathwa njenge "luken manufacturing." | Akukho kuphotha okanye ukuluka okufunekayo: iifayibha (istaple okanye i-filament) zenziwa ngokuthe ngqo kwinkqubo enamanyathelo amabini: ukwakheka kwewebhu kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwewebhu. Iindlela zokudibanisa iwebhu ziquka ukubopha ngobushushu, ukubopha ngeekhemikhali, ukubhoboza ngeenaliti, kunye nokuxinana kwamanzi, okwenza oku kube yimveliso "engalukwanga". |
| Imo yesakhiwo | 1. Ulwakhiwo Oluqhelekileyo: Imisonto ye-Warp kunye neye-weft idityaniswe ukuze yenze isakhiwo esicacileyo esifana negridi enobukhulu obufanayo bemingxuma kunye nokusasazwa okufanayo. 2. Amandla acacileyo: Amandla e-Warp (longitudinal) ngokubanzi aphezulu kunamandla e-weft (transverse); 3. Umphezulu uthambile, awunayo ifayibha eninzi engabonakaliyo. | 11. Ulwakhiwo Olungacwangciswanga: Iifayibha zicwangciswe ngendlela engacwangciswanga okanye engacwangciswanga, zenza isakhiwo esinobukhulu obuthathu, esithambileyo, esinazo iimbobo ezinobubanzi bembobo. 2. Amandla e-Isotropic: Akukho mahluko abalulekileyo kwicala le-warp nele-weft. Amandla amiselwa yindlela yokubopha (umz., ilaphu elibhobozwe ngenaliti linamandla kunelaphu elibotshelelwe ngobushushu). 3. Umphezulu ngokuyintloko ngumaleko wefayibha othambileyo, kwaye ubukhulu bomaleko wesihluzo bunokulungiswa ngokulula. |
| Ukusebenza kokuhluza | 1. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokulawulwa: Ukuvulwa kwe-mesh kuzinzile, kufanelekile ukuhluza amasuntswana aqinileyo obungakanani obuthile (umz., 5-100μm); 2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhluza okuphantsi: Izikhewu ze-mesh zivumela ngokulula amasuntswana amancinci ukuba angene, nto leyo efuna "ikhekhe lesihluzo" ukuba lenzeke ngaphambi kokuba ukusebenza kakuhle kuphuculwe; 3. Ukususwa kwekhekhe lesihluzo kakuhle: Umphezulu uthambile kwaye ikhekhe lesihluzo (intsalela eqinileyo) emva kokuhluzwa kulula ukuyiwa, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuyicoca nokuyivuselela. | 1. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhluza okuphambili: Ulwakhiwo olunemingxuma emithathu lubamba ngokuthe ngqo amasuntswana amancinci (umz., 0.1-10μm) ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwiikeyiki zesihluzo; 2. Ukuzinza okungalunganga ngokuchanekileyo: Ukusasazwa kobukhulu beembobo ezibanzi, buthathaka kunelaphu elilukiweyo ekukhuseleni ubungakanani beesuntswana ezithile; 3.Umthamo ophezulu wokubamba uthuli: Isakhiwo esithambileyo sinokubamba ukungcola okungakumbi, kodwa ikhekhe lesihluzo lifakwa lula kwindawo engenamafayibha, nto leyo eyenza ukucoca nokuhlaziya kube nzima. |
| Iimpawu zomzimba nezoomatshini | 1. Amandla Aphezulu kunye Nokumelana Okuhle Nokukrala: Isakhiwo esidityanisiweyo se-warp kunye ne-weft sizinzile, siyamelana nokunwebeka kunye nokukrala, kwaye sinobomi obude benkonzo (ngesiqhelo ukusuka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka); 2. Uzinzo oluhle lweDimensional: Lumelana nokuguquguquka phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba lufaneleke ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo; 3.Umoya Ophantsi Ongena Kumoya: Isakhiwo esidityanisiweyo esixineneyo sibangela ukuba igesi/ulwelo zingangeni kakuhle (umthamo womoya). | 1. Amandla aphantsi kunye nokumelana nokukrweleka okubi: Iifayibha zixhomekeke ekubopheni okanye ekubambeni ukuze zikhuseleke, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ziqhekeke ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye oko kubangele ubomi obufutshane (ngesiqhelo iintsuku ukuya kwiinyanga). 2. Ukuzinza okungalunganga kobukhulu: Amalaphu ahlanganiswe ngobushushu adla ngokuncipha xa evezwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngelixa amalaphu ahlanganiswe ngokhemikhali edla ngokuwohloka xa evezwa kwizinyibilikisi. 3.Ukungena komoya okuphezulu: Ulwakhiwo oluthambileyo nolunemingxuma lunciphisa ukumelana kolwelo kwaye lwandise ukuhamba kolwelo. |
| Iindleko kunye noLondolozo | 1. Ixabiso lokuqala liphezulu: Inkqubo yokwaluka iyinkimbinkimbi, ingakumbi kwilaphu lokucoca elichanekileyo (njenge-satin weave). 2. Iindleko zokulungisa eziphantsi: Ziyahlanjwa kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe (umz., ukuhlamba ngamanzi kunye nokuhlamba umva), zifuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo. | 1.Ixabiso lokuqala eliphantsi: Ii-Nonwovens kulula ukuzenza kwaye zibonelela ngempumelelo ephezulu yemveliso. 2.Iindleko eziphezulu zokugcinwa: Ziyavaleka, kunzima ukuzivuselela, kwaye zihlala zilahlwa okanye zitshintshwa rhoqo, nto leyo ebangela iindleko eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. |
| Ukuguquguquka kokwenza ngokwezifiso | 1.Ukuguquguquka okuphantsi: Ububanzi bembobo kunye nobukhulu buxhomekeke kakhulu kubukhulu bentambo kunye nobuninzi bokulukwa. Uhlengahlengiso lufuna ukuyila ngokutsha ipateni yokulukwa, nto leyo ethatha ixesha. 2. Ii-weave ezikhethekileyo (ezifana ne-double-layer weave kunye ne-jacquard weave) zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuphucula iipropati ezithile (ezifana nokumelana nokunwebeka). | 1. Ukuguquguquka Okuphezulu: Iimveliso ezinokuchaneka kokucoca okwahlukeneyo kunye nokuvuleka komoya zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokukhawuleza ngokulungelelanisa uhlobo lwefayibha (umz., i-polyester, i-polypropylene, ifayibha yeglasi), indlela yokuncamathisela iwebhu, kunye nobukhulu. 2.Ingadityaniswa nezinye izinto (umz., ukugquma) ukuphucula ukuthintela ukungenwa kwamanzi kunye neempawu zokunganamatheli. |
II. Umahluko kwiZimo zoSetyenziso
Ngokusekelwe kumahluko okhankanywe apha ngasentla ekusebenzeni, ezi zicelo zimbini zahlulwe kakhulu, ngokuyintloko zilandela umgaqo "wokukhetha ukuchaneka kuneempahla ezilukiweyo, ukubeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle kuneempahla ezilukiweyo":
1. Ilaphu lesihluzo elilukiweyo: Lifanelekile kwiimeko "zokucoca ixesha elide, ezizinzileyo, nezichanekileyo"
● Ukwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo nolwelo oluqinileyo kwimizi-mveliso: njengoomatshini bokucinezela izihluzi zepleyiti kunye nefreyimu kunye nezihluzi zebhanti (i-ore yokucoca kunye nodaka lweekhemikhali, ezifuna ukucocwa nokuhlaziywa okuphindaphindiweyo);
● Ukuhluzwa kwegesi yolwelo olushushu kakhulu: njengezihluzi zeengxowa kwimizi-mveliso yamandla neyentsimbi (ifuna ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokuguguleka, kunye nobomi benkonzo obungaphantsi konyaka omnye);
● Ukuhluzwa kokutya kunye namayeza: okufana nokuhluzwa kwebhiya kunye nokuhluzwa kwesicatshulwa samayeza esiNtu aseTshayina (kufuna ubungakanani obumiselweyo bemingxuma ukuze kuthintelwe intsalela yokungcola);
2. Ilaphu lesihluzi elingalukwanga: Lifanelekile kwiimeko "zokucoca ixesha elifutshane, ukusebenza kakuhle, nokungachanekanga"
● Ukucoca umoya: njengezihluzi zokucoca umoya zasekhaya kunye nezixhobo zokucoca eziphambili zenkqubo ye-HVAC (zifuna amandla aphezulu okugcina uthuli kunye nokumelana okuphantsi);
● Ukuhluzwa okulahlwayo: njengokuhluzwa kwamanzi okusela kwangaphambili kunye nokuhluzwa okurhabaxa kolwelo lweekhemikhali (akukho mfuneko yokusetyenziswa kwakhona, okunciphisa iindleko zokulungisa);
● Izicelo ezikhethekileyo: ezifana nokhuseleko lwezonyango (ilaphu lesihluzo lomaleko wangaphakathi weemaski) kunye nezihluzo zomoya opholileyo zeemoto (zifuna ukuveliswa ngokukhawuleza kunye nexabiso eliphantsi).
III. Iingcebiso zoKhetho
Okokuqala, Beka phambili "Ixesha Lokusebenza":
● Ukusebenza rhoqo, iimeko zomthwalo ophezulu (umz., ukususwa kothuli olusebenza iiyure ezingama-24 kumzi-mveliso) → Khetha ilaphu lesihluzo elilukiweyo (ixesha elide, akukho kutshintshwa rhoqo);
● Ukusebenza ngamaxesha athile, iimeko zomthwalo omncinci (umz., ukuhluzwa kwebhakethi encinci kwilebhu) → Khetha ilaphu lesihluzo elingalukwanga (elixabiso liphantsi, kulula ukulitshintsha).
Okwesibini, cinga "ngeeMfuno zokuHlunga":
● Ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobukhulu beesuntswana (umz., ukuhluza iisuntswana ezingaphantsi kwe-5μm) → Khetha ilaphu lesihluzi elilukiweyo;
● Ifuna kuphela "ukugcinwa kokungcola ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa ukungcola" (umz., ukuhluzwa kwamanzi amdaka arhabaxa) → Khetha ilaphu lesihluzi elingalukwanga.
Okokugqibela, cinga "ngeBhajethi yeendleko":
● Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide (ngaphezulu konyaka omnye) → Khetha ilaphu lesihluzo elilukiweyo (ixabiso lokuqala liphezulu kodwa ixabiso lilonke liphantsi lobunini);
● Iiprojekthi zexesha elifutshane (ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-3) → Khetha ilaphu lesihluzi elingalukwanga (ixabiso lokuqala liphantsi, lithintela inkunkuma yezixhobo).
Ngamafutshane, ilaphu lesihluzo elilukiweyo sisisombululo sexesha elide "esinotyalo-mali oluphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu", ngelixa ilaphu lesihluzo elingalukiweyo lisisombululo sexesha elifutshane "esixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu". Akukho kuphakama okanye ukungabi phantsi ngokupheleleyo phakathi kwezi zimbini, kwaye ukhetho kufuneka lwenziwe ngokusekelwe ekuchanekeni kokuhluza, umjikelo wokusebenza, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweendleko zeemeko ezithile zokusebenza.
Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-11-2025